{"id":6797,"date":"2025-11-12T09:02:34","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T08:02:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/?p=6797"},"modified":"2025-11-12T09:02:34","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T08:02:34","slug":"interhelpo-100-let","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/?p=6797","title":{"rendered":"INTERHELPO \u2013 100 LET"},"content":{"rendered":"
V roce 2025 si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 100. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjezdu prvn\u00ed skupiny dru\u017estva Interhelpo, unik\u00e1tn\u00edho pracovn\u00edho sdru\u017een\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9ho 1. kv\u011btna 1923 v \u010ceskoslovensku, do m\u011bsta Pi\u0161pek (v letech 1926 – 1991 Frunze, nyn\u00ed Bi\u0161kek – hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Kyrgyzsk\u00e9 republiky).<\/strong><\/div>\n
Toto dru\u017estvo se stalo symbolem mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a pracovn\u00edho nad\u0161en\u00ed. Polo\u017eilo z\u00e1klady mlad\u00e9ho kyrgyzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Zanechalo hlubokou stopu v historii Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu a cel\u00e9 St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie. Prvn\u00ed vlak s dru\u017estevn\u00edky dorazil do Pi\u0161peku 24. dubna 1925. Do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed t\u00e9ho\u017e roku byly uvedeny do provozu centr\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edlny a pila a po\u010d\u00e1tkem roku 1926 byla zalo\u017eena i ko\u017eelu\u017ena vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed suroviny. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b byla tak\u00e9 zavedena zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 v\u00fdroba.<\/div>\n
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Odjezd skupiny Interhelpovc\u016f z Handlov\u00e9
29. b\u0159ezna 1925<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u010clenov\u00e9 druh\u00e9 skupiny Interhelpa
na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed v \u017dilin\u011b 12. \u010dervence 1926<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Tak vypadaly prvn\u00ed domky \u010dlen\u016f Interhelpa<\/strong><\/div>\n
Prvn\u00ed traktor „Fordson“, dovezen\u00fd dru\u017estvem Interhelpo do Kyrgyzie v r. 1925<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech dorazily dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i skupiny dru\u017estevn\u00edk\u016f \u2013 kovod\u011bln\u00edk\u016f, p\u0159adl\u00e1k\u016f a tkalc\u016f. Mezi lety 1925 a 1932 dorazilo do Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu 1 317 lid\u00ed s rodinami, kte\u0159\u00ed s sebou p\u0159ivezli vybaven\u00ed, stroje a n\u00e1stroje zakoupen\u00e9 z pod\u00edlov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016f. V roce 1935 m\u011blo Interhelpo ji\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2 000 \u010dlen\u016f 14 n\u00e1rodnost\u00ed. Interhelpist\u00e9 se pod\u00edleli na v\u00fdstavb\u011b zavla\u017eovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu \u010cuja<\/em>, cukrovaru Kant<\/em>, masokombin\u00e1tu a dal\u0161\u00edch podnik\u016f. Krom\u011b pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 infrastruktury postavili obytn\u00e9 budovy, \u0161kolu a klub, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vytvo\u0159ili plnohodnotnou pracovn\u00ed komunitu. Na konci roku 1939 byly velk\u00e9 podniky p\u0159evedeny do st\u00e1tn\u00edho pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a b\u011bhem Velk\u00e9 vlasteneck\u00e9 v\u00e1lky byly p\u0159evedeny i ty, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b z\u016fstaly dru\u017estevn\u00ed.<\/div>\n
Inspir\u00e1torem zalo\u017een\u00ed Interhelpa a jeho prvn\u00edm p\u0159edsedou byl Rudolf Mare\u010dek<\/a><\/strong>, mu\u017e, kter\u00fd spojoval romantick\u00e9 my\u0161lenky s praktick\u00fdmi \u010diny. V roce 1921 se vr\u00e1til do \u010ceskoslovenska s my\u0161lenkou na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 komuny v Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu.<\/div>\n
P\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u011b hovo\u0159il a sv\u00e1 slova dopl\u0148oval diapozitivy s v\u00fdhledy na Issyk-Kul \u2013 \u0159eky, lesy a hory. Jeho vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed d\u011blalo tak siln\u00fd dojem, \u017ee se kolem n\u011bj shrom\u00e1\u017edila skupina nad\u0161enc\u016f, odhodlan\u00fdch tam vycestovat. \u010cesk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady, znepokojen\u00e9 rostouc\u00edm hnut\u00edm, mu v\u0161ak v odjezdu zabr\u00e1nily. Kdy\u017e 29. b\u0159ezna 1925 odjel prvn\u00ed vlak ze \u017diliny, Mare\u010dek z\u016fstal v \u010ceskoslovensku. Vlak dorazil do stanice Pi\u0161pek bez sv\u00e9ho v\u016fdce \u2013 ten prost\u011b nesm\u011bl odjet. Nikdo \u010dlen\u016fm komuny nepomohl dostat se na ji\u017en\u00ed b\u0159eh Issyk-Kulu, kde u\u017e byly p\u0159ipraveny materi\u00e1ly pro stavbu prvn\u00ed komuny. Zklam\u00e1n\u00ed z rozporu mezi o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edmi a drsnou realitou St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie bylo hlubok\u00e9. V\u011bt\u0161ina osadn\u00edk\u016f se nakonec usadila v okol\u00ed Pi\u0161peku (Frunze) a s\u00e1m Mare\u010dek byl n\u00e1sledn\u011b z dru\u017estva vylou\u010den. Byl to ale on, jeho\u017e my\u0161lenka zm\u011bnila \u017eivoty stovek lid\u00ed.<\/div>\n
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D\u011bti v mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole Interhelpa<\/strong><\/div>\n
Pohled do s\u00e1lu „Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fdch komunard\u016f“
s m\u00edsty pro 800 div\u00e1k\u016f<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u010clenov\u00e9 divadeln\u00edho krou\u017eku sehr\u00e1li v r. 1928
hru J. Holl\u00e9ho „Kubo“<\/strong><\/div>\n
Julius Fu\u010d\u00edk (druh\u00fd zprava)\u00a0v rodin\u011b \u010dlena Interhelpa<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
* * *<\/div>\n
Pro m\u011b a m\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny je historie Interhelpa sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed rodinn\u00e9 pam\u011bti. M\u016fj prad\u011bde\u010dek z mat\u010diny strany, Jan Tka\u010d\u00edk, p\u0159i\u0161el do Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu se svou rodinou, v\u010detn\u011b m\u00e9ho d\u011bde\u010dka, Vladim\u00edra Tka\u010d\u00edka. Rodina Tka\u010d\u00edkov\u00fdch se p\u0159\u00e1telila s rodinami Dub\u010dekov\u00fdmi a Mare\u010dkov\u00fdmi, \u010cechoslov\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed byli \u010dleny dru\u017estva. M\u016fj d\u011bde\u010dek se jako chlapec kamar\u00e1dil s Alexandrem Dub\u010dekem, dokud Dub\u010dekovi z Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu neodjeli.<\/div>\n
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Zleva: Alexandr, Paulina, \u0160tefan a J\u00falius Dub\u010dekovi<\/strong><\/div>\n
\u017d\u00e1dost rodi\u010d\u016f Alexandra Dub\u010deka o v\u00fdjezd do SSSR
s uveden\u00edm syna Alexandra<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
D\u011bde\u010dek mi o tom jako klukovi vypr\u00e1v\u011bl, ale ta jm\u00e9na pro m\u011b tehdy nic neznamenala; nem\u011bl jsem tu\u0161en\u00ed, o kom mluv\u00ed. Pochopil jsem a\u017e o des\u00edtky let pozd\u011bji, v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, \u017ee to byli v\u00fdznamn\u00ed lid\u00e9. Tato odhalen\u00ed ke mn\u011b p\u0159i\u0161la b\u011bhem m\u00e9 prvn\u00ed cesty do \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v roce 2015, kdy jsem se setkal s Ji\u0159\u00edm Klapkou, p\u0159edsedou \u010cesk\u00e9 asociace rusist\u016f. Tehdy jsem si uv\u011bdomil, jak \u00fazce jsou osudy na\u0161ich n\u00e1rod\u016f propojeny \u2013 prac\u00ed, p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00edm a sd\u00edlen\u00fdmi ide\u00e1ly.<\/div>\n
M\u00e9 prvn\u00ed setk\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010ceskou republikou a \u010desk\u00fdm jazykem za\u010dalo d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed mou cestou do vlasti m\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f – v d\u011btstv\u00ed, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u010desk\u00e9ho lunaparku, kter\u00fd se v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu objevil p\u0159ed rozpadem SSSR. D\u00edky n\u011bkolika fr\u00e1z\u00edm v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b, kter\u00e9 mi napsal m\u016fj d\u011bde\u010dek, jsem se na atrakc\u00edch \u010dasto mohl sv\u00e9zt zdarma. Tehdy mi \u010desk\u00e1 \u0159e\u010d zn\u011bla jako hudba \u2013 pov\u011bdom\u00e1 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 tajemn\u00e1.<\/div>\n
Pozd\u011bji jsem nav\u0161t\u00edvil dceru Rudolfa Mare\u010dka pan\u00ed Dragomiru Mare\u010dkovou, se kterou jsem se p\u0159\u00e1telil ji\u017e od devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let. Na jednu z t\u011bchto n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv si pamatuji obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 jasn\u011b: \u0159ekl jsem, \u017ee se chci u\u010dit \u010desky. Pan\u00ed Dragomira se usm\u00e1la a odpov\u011bd\u011bla, \u017ee bych se nejd\u0159\u00edv m\u011bl nau\u010dit \u010deskou abecedu. Sna\u017eil jsem se, ale s\u00e1m jsem to nezvl\u00e1dl a tak jsem brzy o to ztratil z\u00e1jem. Dodnes si v\u0161ak pamatuji jednu v\u011btu, kterou jsem se nau\u010dil z u\u010debnice \u010de\u0161tiny, kterou mi dal d\u011bde\u010dek: \u201eMatka koupila chl\u00e9b a m\u00e1slo\u201c \u2014 \u00ab\u041c\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043b\u043e\u00bb.<\/div>\n
Tato prvn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 fr\u00e1ze se uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt symbolick\u00e1: chl\u00e9b a m\u00e1slo jsou v\u017edycky ty nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, ale \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u011bci, stejn\u011b jako ide\u00e1ly pr\u00e1ce a solidarity, s nimi\u017e se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci Interhelpa kdysi vydali do Kyrgyzst\u00e1nu.<\/div>\n
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Odznak a raz\u00edtko dru\u017estva Interhelpo<\/strong><\/div>\n
O n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed pozd\u011bji, ji\u017e v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, jsem znovu c\u00edtil, jak minulost o\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v lidsk\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bz\u00edch. V osudech m\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f, v d\u00edlech Interhelpist\u016f, ve star\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch slovech z d\u011btstv\u00ed \u2013 vzpom\u00ednka na dobu, kdy v\u00edra ve spole\u010dnou v\u011bc byla siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/div>\n
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Pam\u011btn\u00ed zn\u00e1mka ke 100. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zah\u00e1jen\u00ed
\u010dinnosti dru\u017estva Interhelpo v Kyrgyzstanu<\/strong><\/div>\n
Historie Interhelpa je p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem idealismu, tvrd\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 podpory, v n\u011bm\u017e se prol\u00edn\u00e1 osobn\u00ed a historick\u00e9. A mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b skrze takov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy st\u00e1le ch\u00e1peme a c\u00edt\u00edme, co spojuje \u010ceskou republiku a Kyrgyzst\u00e1n. A to je i lidsk\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165, p\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00e1 z generace na generaci.<\/div>\n
Mgr. Alexandr Ivanov<\/em><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V roce 2025 si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 100. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjezdu prvn\u00ed skupiny dru\u017estva Interhelpo, unik\u00e1tn\u00edho pracovn\u00edho sdru\u017een\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9ho 1. kv\u011btna 1923 v \u010ceskoslovensku, do m\u011bsta Pi\u0161pek (v letech 1926 – 1991 Frunze, nyn\u00ed Bi\u0161kek – hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Kyrgyzsk\u00e9 republiky). Toto dru\u017estvo se stalo symbolem mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a pracovn\u00edho nad\u0161en\u00ed. Polo\u017eilo z\u00e1klady mlad\u00e9ho kyrgyzsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Zanechalo hlubokou stopu\u2026 Read More: INTERHELPO \u2013 100 LET »<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6797"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6797\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6831,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6797\/revisions\/6831"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}