{"id":5800,"date":"2024-07-14T10:19:33","date_gmt":"2024-07-14T08:19:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/?p=5800"},"modified":"2024-07-14T10:19:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-14T08:19:33","slug":"antonin-dvorak-mesic-amerika-a-rusko","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/?p=5800","title":{"rendered":"ANTON\u00cdN DVO\u0158\u00c1K, M\u011aS\u00cdC, AMERIKA A RUSKO"},"content":{"rendered":"
Letos si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed 120 let od \u00famrt\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho skladatele Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka.<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/strong>
8.9.1841 – 1.5.1904
Wikipedie<\/a><\/div>\n
Rok \u010desk\u00e9 hudby 2024 v Muzeu Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n
Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k a Amerika<\/strong><\/div>\n
Prvn\u00ed hudbou, kter\u00e1 zazn\u011bla na M\u011bs\u00edci byla Novosv\u011btsk\u00e1<\/em> od Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka. Alespo\u0148 to \u0159\u00edkal astronaut Neil Armstrong. Pustil j\u00ed pr\u00fd z mal\u00e9ho magnetofonu p\u0159ed pades\u00e1ti p\u011bti lety – 20. \u010dervence 1969, kdy\u017e tam p\u0159ist\u00e1la kosmick\u00e1 lo\u010f Apollo 11<\/a>. D\u00e1l se zat\u00edm \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 jin\u00e1 hudba nedostala. Neil Armstrong si symfonii obl\u00edbil je\u0161t\u011b v dob\u011b, kdy hr\u00e1l v koncertn\u00edm souboru na univerzit\u011b.<\/div>\n
Dvo\u0159\u00e1kova symfonie \u010d. 9 je \u0159azena k nejlep\u0161\u00edm d\u00edl\u016fm sv\u011btov\u00e9 symfonick\u00e9 tvorby v\u0161ech dob a jej\u00ed premi\u00e9ra 16. prosince 1893 v newyorsk\u00e9 Carnegie Hall m\u011bla jedine\u010dn\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch. Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k j\u00ed napsal v dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho pobytu ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech americk\u00fdch, tedy v \u201eNov\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b\u201c. V Americe Dvo\u0159\u00e1k p\u016fsobil v letech 1892\u20131895 jako \u0159editel newyorsk\u00e9 konzervato\u0159e.<\/div>\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 hudba se v Americe setk\u00e1vala s velik\u00fdm ohlasem. P\u016fl roku p\u0159ed premi\u00e9rou Novosv\u011btsk\u00e9<\/em> dirigoval Dvo\u0159\u00e1k na Sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdstav\u011b v Chicagu, 6. srpna 1893, konan\u00e9 u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti 400. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed objeven\u00ed Ameriky Kry\u0161tofem Kolumbem. P\u0159\u00edteli, dr. Emilu Koz\u00e1nkovi, p\u00ed\u0161e Dvo\u0159\u00e1k na pohlednici z v\u00fdstavy:<\/div>\n
„Je obrovsk\u00e1! Z\u00edtra \u010desk\u00fd den na v\u00fdstav\u011b. Velk\u00fd koncert a j\u00e1 \u0159\u00edd\u00edm sinfonii G dur a ouverturu Kde domov m\u016fj.“<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
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Pohlednice z v\u00fdstavy<\/strong><\/div>\n
V\u00fdstavn\u00ed \u010cesk\u00fd den zah\u00e1jil mohutn\u00fd pr\u016fvod americk\u00fdch \u010cech\u016f. Potlesk p\u0159i Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u011b p\u0159iv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed byl ohlu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed a v z\u00e1v\u011bru bezpo\u010det kv\u011btinov\u00fdch dar\u016f naplnil v\u016fn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed koncertn\u00ed s\u00edn\u011b. Osou programu byl slavnostn\u00ed koncert ve kter\u00e9m \u00fa\u010dinkovaly spojen\u00e9 p\u011bveck\u00e9 spolky \u010cech\u016f z Chicaga. Skladby \u010desk\u00fdch autor\u016f p\u0159ednesl m\u00edstn\u00ed, v\u00edce ne\u017e sto\u010dlenn\u00fd orchestr, kter\u00fd \u0159\u00eddil Vojt\u011bch Ivanovi\u010d Hlav\u00e1\u010d.<\/div>\n
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Vojt\u011bch Hlav\u00e1\u010d<\/strong>
Wikipedie<\/a><\/div>\n
Vojt\u011bch Hlav\u00e1\u010d, v Rusku p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed hudebn\u00edk, dirigent, skladatel a vyn\u00e1lezce, p\u0159edstavil na sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdstav\u011b s velik\u00fdm \u00fasp\u011bchem sv\u016fj vyn\u00e1lez Armonipiano a s Anton\u00ednem Dvo\u0159\u00e1kem vzpom\u00ednal na Petra Ilji\u010de \u010cajkovsk\u00e9ho a na Dvo\u0159\u00e1k\u016fv pobyt v Moskv\u011b a Petrohradu v \u00fanoru a b\u0159eznu roku 1890.<\/div>\n
Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k a Rusko<\/strong><\/div>\n
Operu Dimitrij<\/em> napsal Dvo\u0159\u00e1k na libreto Marie \u010cervinkov\u00e9-Riegrov\u00e9 – spisovatelka \u010derpala n\u00e1m\u011bt libreta z rusk\u00fdch d\u011bjin. Opera byla poprv\u00e9 provedena v Nov\u00e9m \u010desk\u00e9m divadle 8. \u0159\u00edjna 1882. Po\u010d\u00e1tkem n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku, na p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele Jana Neffa, upravil Dvo\u0159\u00e1k \u0161estn\u00e1ct rusk\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed vybran\u00fdch ze sb\u00edrky \u041f\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430<\/em> (P\u00edsn\u011b rusk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda<\/em>) do podoby pro dva \u017eensk\u00e9 hlasy s doprovodem klav\u00edru.<\/div>\n
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\n
Jan Neff<\/strong>
Wikipedie<\/a><\/div>\n
Marie \u010cervinkov\u00e1-Riegrov\u00e1<\/strong>
Wikipedie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
V \u00fanoru r. 1888 nav\u0161t\u00edvil Prahu Petr Ilji\u010d \u010cajkovskij. Po p\u0159\u00edjezdu projevil p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed sezn\u00e1mit se s Dvo\u0159\u00e1kem a vyslechnout jeho operu Dimitrij.<\/em> K jejich setk\u00e1n\u00ed do\u0161lo v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm divadle p\u0159i p\u0159edstaven\u00ed opery Giuseppe Verdiho Othello<\/em>. Dvo\u0159\u00e1kovi se p\u0159\u00edv\u011btiv\u00fd a srde\u010dn\u00fd Rus r\u00e1zem zal\u00edbil a pozval jej k na ob\u011bd sob\u011b dom\u016f, do \u017ditn\u00e9 ulice. \u010cajkovsk\u00e9mu z\u0159ejm\u011b chutnalo, nebo\u0165 si poznamenal do den\u00edku, \u017ee pan\u00ed Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1 je v\u00fdborn\u00e1 hospodyn\u011b.<\/div>\n
P\u0159edstaven\u00ed Dimitrije<\/em> bohu\u017eel odpadlo pro onemocn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edstavitele tituln\u00ed role, ale \u010cajkovskij sly\u0161el v Um\u011bleck\u00e9 besed\u011b Dvo\u0159\u00e1k\u016fv klav\u00edrn\u00ed kvintet a pozd\u011bji na ve\u010deru Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho rusk\u00e9ho krou\u017eku v\u00fdb\u011br Moravsk\u00fdch dvojzp\u011bv\u016f<\/em>.<\/div>\n
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Moravsk\u00e9 dvojzp\u011bvy<\/strong>
Wikipedie<\/a><\/div>\n
Pot\u011b\u0161ila jej tak\u00e9 Dvo\u0159\u00e1kova \u00fa\u010dast p\u0159i jeho koncertech v Rudolfinu a v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm divadle. V\u011bnoval pak \u201evelik\u00e9mu \u010cechu\u201c partituru sv\u00e9 orchestr\u00e1ln\u00ed suity, jedn\u00e9 ze skladeb, kter\u00e9 tehdy v Praze \u0159\u00eddil. S\u00e1m si pak odv\u00e1\u017eel v\u00fdtisk symfonie d moll.<\/div>\n
Marii \u010cervinkovou-Riegrovou po\u017e\u00e1dal \u010cajkovskij o p\u0159eklad opery Ev\u017een On\u011bgin<\/em>, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla – za jeho \u00fa\u010dasti – premi\u00e9ru v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm divadle ji\u017e 6. prosince 1888. Dvo\u0159\u00e1k napsal \u010cajkovsk\u00e9mu:<\/div>\n
\u201eS radost\u00ed dozn\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee Va\u0161e opera na mne u\u010dinila velice hlubok\u00fd dojem – takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me u prav\u00e9ho um\u011bleck\u00e9ho d\u00edla a nev\u00e1h\u00e1m \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee dosud \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z Va\u0161ich kompozic se mi tak nel\u00edbila jako On\u011bgin. Je to n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 d\u00edlo, pln\u00e9 v\u0159el\u00e9ho citu a poezie\u2026. Jeho hudba k n\u00e1m pronik\u00e1 tak hluboko do du\u0161e, \u017ee ji nelze zapomenout\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n
\u010cajkovskij pod\u011bkoval za up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e1 slova a pozval Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka do Moskvy:<\/div>\n
\u201e … P\u0159ije\u010fte, u n\u00e1s si toho v\u0161ichni velmi p\u0159ej\u00ed\u201c.<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
V Rusku<\/strong><\/div>\n
Koncem \u00fanora 1890 odcestovali man\u017eel\u00e9 Dvo\u0159\u00e1kovi do Ruska. Po dlouh\u00e9 \u00fanavn\u00e9 cest\u011b je v Moskv\u011b p\u0159iv\u00edtali p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 Carsk\u00e9 hudebn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Ve sv\u00e9m dom\u011b je ubytoval v Rusku usedl\u00fd \u010cech K. V. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ek. Dvo\u0159\u00e1k\u016fv rusk\u00fd debut m\u011bl zda\u0159il\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh, skladatel v\u0161ak o\u010dek\u00e1val lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed \u2013 mal\u00e1 publicita v tisku a nez\u00e1jem vlivn\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed. Do \u010cech napsal:<\/div>\n
\u201eAle to nic ned\u011bl\u00e1, velk\u00e9 mor\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed jsem v Moskv\u011b vydobyl, a tak aspo\u0148 m\u011b bylo praveno v kruz\u00edch hudebn\u00edch a orchestr byl m\u00fdmi skladbami uchv\u00e1cen a hr\u00e1l s velk\u00fdm nad\u0161en\u00edm.\u201c<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
Nedorozum\u011bn\u00ed m\u011bl Dvo\u0159\u00e1k ohledn\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e sl\u00edben\u00e9ho honor\u00e1\u0159e a tak\u00e9 litoval, \u017ee se nesetkal s \u010cajkovsk\u00fdm, kter\u00fd byl v tu dobu ve Florencii. P\u0159ed odjezdem z Moskvy Dvo\u0159\u00e1k je\u0161t\u011b spokojen\u011b shl\u00e9dl zkou\u0161ku p\u0159ipravovan\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed sv\u00e9ho d\u00edla Stabat mater.<\/em><\/div>\n
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V Petrohradu se c\u00edtil l\u00e9pe ne\u017e v Moskv\u011b. Srde\u010dn\u00e9 uv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed petrohradsk\u00fdmi \u010cechy na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed, banket v hotelu se vzletn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpitkem dirigenta carsk\u00e9 opery Eduarda N\u00e1pravn\u00edka a \u010destn\u00fd dar \u2013 zlatem a st\u0159\u00edbrem vykl\u00e1dan\u00fd poh\u00e1r s lyrou a monogramem. Koncert, uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fd 22. b\u0159ezna 1890, byl v\u0159ele p\u0159ijat a publikum ne\u0161et\u0159ilo bou\u0159liv\u00fdmi ovacemi.<\/div>\n
\u201e \u2026 V Petrohradu m\u016fj v\u010derej\u0161\u00ed koncert dopadl pro m\u011b skv\u011ble. Obecenstvo i orchestr mne p\u0159ijali velmi srde\u010dn\u011b a po ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u011bt\u011b symfonie byl velk\u00fd aplaus a po capricciosu jsem se musel n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t pod\u011bkovat. V hotelu Evropa uspo\u0159\u00e1dal Artur Rubin\u0161tejn, p\u0159edseda Rusk\u00e9 hudebn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, na mou po\u010dest banket. P\u0159ipil mn\u011b a zdej\u0161\u00ed nejv\u00fdte\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hudebn\u00ed kritik German Laro\u0161 prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee \u010cechov\u00e9, a\u010d mal\u00fd n\u00e1rod, dos\u00e1hli vysok\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b um\u011bn\u00ed a v\u011bdy a mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edkladem pro mladou ruskou generaci.\u201c<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
* * *<\/div>\n
Hodnotov\u00e9 soudy nemaj\u00ed absolutn\u00ed platnost, mohou v\u0161ak b\u00fdt shodn\u011b sd\u00edlen\u00e9 \u0159adou generac\u00ed. D\u00edlo Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka \u017eije, nedot\u010deno dobou. Pat\u0159\u00ed ke \u0161pi\u010dce n\u00e1rodn\u00ed i sv\u011btov\u00e9 kultury.<\/div>\n
Ji\u0159\u00ed Klapka<\/em><\/div>\n
Jak Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k dobyl cel\u00fd sv\u011bt i p\u0159es nep\u0159\u00edze\u0148 osudu<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n
Nezn\u00e1m\u00fd Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n
Zdroje:<\/strong><\/div>\n
Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k : korespondence a dokumenty: kritick\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Sv. 3, Korespondence odeslan\u00e1 1890-1895 Editio Supraphon, Praha 1989<\/div>\n
Archiv N\u00e1rodn\u00edho divadla Praha<\/div>\n
N\u00e1rodn\u00ed muzeum Praha<\/div>\n
Zp\u011bvn\u00edk rusk\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed \u2013 \u041f\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/em>, \u010cAR a Albra 2014<\/div>\n
\u017divot pln\u00fd hudby, vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o Anton\u00ednu Dvo\u0159\u00e1kovi,<\/em> Berkovec Ji\u0159\u00ed, St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9 nakladatelstv\u00ed 1986<\/div>\n
\u010cesk\u00e1 klasick\u00e1 hudba<\/em>, Igor Belza, St\u00e1tn\u00ed hudebn\u00ed vydavatelstv\u00ed, Praha 1961<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Letos si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed 120 let od \u00famrt\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho skladatele Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka. Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k8.9.1841 – 1.5.1904Wikipedie Rok \u010desk\u00e9 hudby 2024 v Muzeu Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka Anton\u00edn Dvo\u0159\u00e1k a Amerika Prvn\u00ed hudbou, kter\u00e1 zazn\u011bla na M\u011bs\u00edci byla Novosv\u011btsk\u00e1 od Anton\u00edna Dvo\u0159\u00e1ka. Alespo\u0148 to \u0159\u00edkal astronaut Neil Armstrong. Pustil j\u00ed pr\u00fd z mal\u00e9ho magnetofonu p\u0159ed pades\u00e1ti p\u011bti lety\u2026 Read More: ANTON\u00cdN DVO\u0158\u00c1K, M\u011aS\u00cdC, AMERIKA A RUSKO »<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5800"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5830,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5800\/revisions\/5830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociacerusistu.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}